Mon Prof Augmenté
Ice, water and steam in the kitchen
Age 12 · Chemistry
Water can be a solid (ice), a liquid, or a gas (water vapour), and heating or cooling it makes it change from one state to another. When water changes state its particles just move differently, so its mass stays exactly the same.
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In the picture
- Melting ice cubes: solid water turning into liquid at the bottom of the bowl
- Glass of water: the liquid state, which takes the shape of its container
- Bubbles in the boiling pot: liquid water turning into a gas, water vapour
- Droplets on the cold lid: water vapour condensing back into liquid
Examples
- Water left in the freezer freezes into ice cubes.
- A bathroom mirror fogs up with tiny droplets after a hot shower.
Key takeaways
- Pure water melts and freezes at 0 °C and boils at 100 °C at sea level.
- A change of state does not change mass: 100 g of ice melts into 100 g of water.
Quiz: Ice, water and steam in the kitchen (Age 12)
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You melt 100 g of ice in a closed bowl. How much does the liquid water weigh once all the ice has melted?
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Water droplets appear on a cold lid held above a pot of boiling water. What is happening?
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At sea level, at what temperature does pure water boil?
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