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Same or Different People

In an independent-measures design, different people take part in each condition. In a repeated-measures design, the same people take part in every condition, and counterbalancing changes the order.

In the picture

  1. Blue puzzle: one version of the task
  2. Red puzzle: another version of the task
  3. Footprints from the blue puzzle to the red puzzle: one order of tasks
  4. Footprints from the red puzzle to the blue puzzle: the opposite order of tasks

Examples

  • Two groups try different revision methods, and each student uses only one method.
  • The same students try both revision methods, with half starting with method A and half starting with method B.

Quiz: Same or Different People (Age 16)

  1. Which research design uses the same people in every condition?

    • Counterbalanced measures
    • Independent measures
    • Repeated measures
  2. In an independent-measures design, who takes part in each condition?

    • Only people who have already done the other condition
    • Different people take part in each condition
    • The same people take part in every condition
  3. What is the main purpose of counterbalancing in a repeated-measures design?

    • To change the order of conditions for different participants and reduce order effects
    • To replace the same participants with different people in each condition
    • To make every participant complete the conditions in the same order

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Psychology, Age 16