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Dynamic Balance in a Flask

In a sealed flask, two kinds of molecules change into each other while the mixture stays the same overall. The changes in both directions keep happening at equal rates, so the concentrations remain constant.

In the picture

  1. A red molecule in the liquid: one of the two interconverting species.
  2. A blue molecule in the liquid: the other interconverting species.
  3. A left-pointing arrow: the change from blue molecules to red molecules.
  4. A right-pointing arrow: the change from red molecules to blue molecules.
  5. A level balance beam: equal forward and reverse rates at dynamic balance.

Examples

  • Fizzy drink in a sealed bottle: carbon dioxide leaves and re-enters the liquid at the same rate.
  • Water in a closed jar: liquid water evaporates and vapour condenses at the same rate.

Quiz: Dynamic Balance in a Flask (Age 18)

  1. At dynamic equilibrium, what do the forward and reverse reactions do?

    • Only the forward reaction continues.
    • They both continue at equal rates.
    • They both stop completely.
  2. When the forward and reverse rates are equal, what happens to the concentrations?

    • They must become equal to each other.
    • They keep increasing without limit.
    • They stay constant.
  3. At dynamic equilibrium, do the two substances have to be present in equal amounts?

    • Yes, equal rates always mean equal amounts.
    • No, their amounts can differ while concentrations stay constant.
    • Yes, the amounts must be equal but concentrations can differ.

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Chemistry, Age 18