Mon Prof Augmenté
Mantle, Crust and Gems
Age 17 · Geography
Earth’s mantle is extremely hot and squeezed under enormous pressure, while the crust above it is cooler and made of different chemicals. Those differing conditions grow different crystals, and eruptions or shifting crust can carry them up to the surface.
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In the picture
- A crystal held in hot, high-pressure mantle rock
- A vein of coloured crystals in cooler crust rock
- A volcanic conduit carrying mantle material to the surface
- Opposing arrows along a fracture, with the crust moving in two directions
Examples
- A diamond in a ring: it grew deep in the mantle and rode up inside a volcanic pipe.
- Amethyst crystals lining a hollow space in cooled lava.
Key takeaways
- Mantle heat and pressure grow minerals that the cooler crust cannot.
- Eruptions and moving crust carry buried crystals upward.
Quiz: Mantle, Crust and Gems (Age 17)
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Why can the mantle and crust grow different kinds of crystals?
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What can bring buried crystals up to the surface?
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What conditions in the mantle help grow minerals that the cooler crust cannot?
The answers, each with its explanation, are in the app. This lesson has left the free week, so its quiz is part of the subscription.
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