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Chromosomes, DNA and genes
Age 14 · Biology
Open to everyone until Friday, November 13
To keep it, print it while it is open.
Your cells carry instructions in DNA, which is packed into chromosomes inside the nucleus. A gene is one short stretch of DNA, and humans have 46 chromosomes in every body cell.
In the picture
- Nucleus: the cell’s control centre, which holds the chromosomes
- Chromosome: tightly coiled DNA, shown here as a copied X with two identical arms
- DNA double helix: two twisted strands that carry the genetic code
- Gene: a short stretch of DNA with the instructions for one trait
Examples
- You inherit your eye colour from genes passed down by your parents.
- Identical twins have the same DNA, so they look so alike.
Key takeaways
- Genes are segments of DNA, and DNA is packed into chromosomes.
- Humans have 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.
Quiz: Chromosomes, DNA and genes (Age 14)
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What is a gene?
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How many chromosomes are in each normal human body cell?
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Where inside a cell are the chromosomes kept?
The answers, each with its explanation, are in the app. This quiz is free there while the lesson is in the free week.
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