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Looking Back in Time

Light needs time to travel across space, so the light from a faraway galaxy left it long ago. The farther away something is, the older the light we see, so telescopes show us the past.

In the picture

  1. Telescope on Earth: catches light that is only arriving today
  2. Nearby galaxy: its light left about 2.5 million years ago, when early human ancestors walked the Earth
  3. Distant galaxy: its light set out about 100 million years ago, when dinosaurs lived
  4. Faint glowing haze: the oldest light, from when the young universe was a hot, glowing fog

Examples

  • When you look at the Sun, you see it as it was about 8 minutes ago, because that is how long its light takes to reach us.
  • Thunder reaches you after the lightning flash because sound travels more slowly, just as distant light arrives late.

Quiz: Looking Back in Time (Age 12)

  1. Why does looking at a faraway galaxy show us the past?

    • Because telescopes save old pictures of the sky
    • Because its light takes a long time to travel across space to reach us
    • Because the galaxy stopped shining a long time ago
  2. Two galaxies can be seen through a telescope: one is close, the other is much farther away. Which one sends us older light?

    • The closer galaxy
    • The farther galaxy
    • Neither, because light is so fast that both are the same age
  3. Light arriving today from a nearby galaxy left it about 2.5 million years ago. What does a telescope show us?

    • The galaxy as it was about 2.5 million years ago
    • The galaxy exactly as it looks right now
    • The galaxy as it will look in 2.5 million years

The answers, each with its explanation, are in the app. This lesson has left the free week, so its quiz is part of the subscription.

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Astronomy, Age 12