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From Bone to Stone

A dead dinosaur can become a fossil if it is buried in mud or sand very quickly. Over millions of years, minerals slowly replace the bone until it turns to stone.

In the picture

  1. A dinosaur bone: minerals have replaced the hard bone and turned it to stone.
  2. Thick layers of sand and mud: they covered the body fast and pressed down for a very long time.
  3. Water moving through the ground: it carries minerals into the buried bone.

Examples

  • A leaf pressed in mud can leave a fossil shape.
  • A seashell buried under beach sand can slowly turn to stone.

Quiz: From Bone to Stone (Age 9)

  1. Why is quick burial important for making a fossil?

    • It protects the body from rotting or being scattered.
    • It stops minerals from entering the buried bone.
    • It makes the body become a fossil in just a few days.
  2. How long does it take for a buried dinosaur body to turn into a fossil?

    • About one hundred years.
    • A few weeks.
    • Millions of years.
  3. What do minerals do to a buried bone over a very long time?

    • They replace the bone until it turns to stone.
    • They keep the bone from being buried quickly.
    • They cover the bone with thick sand and mud.

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Science, Age 9