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Weather Data to Forecast Maps

Weather stations and satellites collect observations from around the world. Supercomputers turn those observations into many simulated futures, which are combined into forecast maps.

In the picture

  1. Satellite dish: incoming worldwide weather observations
  2. Server racks: supercomputer running the forecast model
  3. Rotating globe: current state of the atmosphere
  4. Stacked translucent maps: forecast maps for future weather
  5. Branching light paths: many possible simulated futures

Examples

  • A five-day rain forecast for a city comes from many model runs, not one.
  • A hurricane track map shows a cone where the storm may go.

Quiz: Weather Data to Forecast Maps (Age 17)

  1. Why do more weather observations help a forecast?

    • They replace the need for supercomputer simulations.
    • They make all future weather completely certain.
    • They improve the starting point for the forecast model.
  2. Why does an ensemble simulate many possible futures?

    • To show uncertainty in the forecast.
    • To avoid using current atmospheric data.
    • To prove that only one future is possible.
  3. What do supercomputers do with worldwide weather observations?

    • They send them back to satellites to change the weather.
    • They only archive them without making forecasts.
    • They turn them into many simulated possible futures that are combined into forecast maps.

The answers, each with its explanation, are in the app. This lesson has left the free week, so its quiz is part of the subscription.

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Age 17