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Compact Shape Holds Heat

For the same mass, a smooth, round body has less skin on the outside than a body stretched into a long neck, tail, and limbs. That smaller skin area lets heat escape more slowly in the cold.

In the picture

  1. Smooth rounded flank
  2. Small side flipper
  3. Long neck
  4. Long tail
  5. Slim front leg

Examples

  • A round potato cools more slowly than the same potato cut into thin strips.
  • A penguin keeps warm better than a long-legged bird of the same weight.

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Physics, Age 12