Water changes state
Age 11 · Physics
Water can be solid ice, liquid water, or gas in the air. Heating or cooling makes it melt, freeze, evaporate, or condense, and these changes can go back and forth.
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Age 11: open this week
Browse Age 11In the picture
- Half-melted ice cube on a plate: solid water turning into liquid water as it warms.
- Ice-cube tray in the freezer: liquid water turning into solid ice as it cools.
- Steam above the mug: liquid water turning into water vapour in the air as it warms.
- Droplets on the outside of the glass: water vapour in the air turning into liquid water on a cold surface.
Examples
- An ice cube melting in a warm drink.
- Water droplets forming on a cold window.
Key takeaways
- Water changes between solid, liquid, and gas when it is heated or cooled.
- Melting and freezing are opposites, and evaporation and condensation are opposites.
Quiz: Water changes state (Age 11)
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What causes water to change between solid, liquid, and gas?
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Which two changes are opposites?
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What is it called when water vapour in the air turns into liquid water on a cold surface?
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