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Water changes state

Water can be solid ice, liquid water, or gas in the air. Heating or cooling makes it melt, freeze, evaporate, or condense, and these changes can go back and forth.

In the picture

  1. Half-melted ice cube on a plate: solid water turning into liquid water as it warms.
  2. Ice-cube tray in the freezer: liquid water turning into solid ice as it cools.
  3. Steam above the mug: liquid water turning into water vapour in the air as it warms.
  4. Droplets on the outside of the glass: water vapour in the air turning into liquid water on a cold surface.

Examples

  • An ice cube melting in a warm drink.
  • Water droplets forming on a cold window.

Quiz: Water changes state (Age 11)

  1. What causes water to change between solid, liquid, and gas?

    • Heating or cooling
    • Stirring or shaking
    • Putting it in a glass container
  2. Which two changes are opposites?

    • Condensation and melting
    • Evaporation and freezing
    • Melting and freezing
  3. What is it called when water vapour in the air turns into liquid water on a cold surface?

    • Evaporation
    • Melting
    • Condensation

The answers, each with its explanation, are in the app. This lesson has left the free week, so its quiz is part of the subscription.

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Physics, Age 11